Arteriovenous Fistula (Arteriovenous Aneurysm; Arteriovenous Angioma; Arteriovenous Malformation; Cirsoid Aneurysm; Racemose Hemangioma; Varicose Aneurysm)
General: Abnormal communications betwee 949f58j n arteries and veins that allow arterial blood to enter the vein directly without traversing a capillary network; may be congenital or secondary to penetrating trauma or blunt trauma.
Ocular: Uveitis; chemosis and neovascularization of conjunctiva; bullous keratopathy; eyelid edema; ptosis; exophthalmos; iris atrophy; papilledema; retinal hemorrhages; cataract; paresis of third or sixth nerves; glaucoma; upper lid tumor; total choroidal detachment; leaking retinal macroaneurysms; central retinal vein occlusion; iris neovascularization.
Clinical: Cerebral hemorrhage; death; substernal pain; dyspnea; varicose veins.
Barke RM, et al. Spontaneous dural carotid-cavernous fistula with central retinal vein occlusion and iris neovascularization. Ann Ophthalmol 1991; 23: 11-l7.
Busin M, et al. Arteriovenous fistula presenting as a tumor of the upper eyelid. Ophthalmic Surg 1994; 25:471-473.
Fraunfelder FT, Roy FH. Current Ocular Therapy, 5th ed.
Tilanus MD, et al. Congenital arteriovenous communications and the development of two types of leaking retinal macroaneurysms. Am J Ophthalmol 1991; 112:313.
Wang ML, et al. Total choroidal detachment complicating dural arteriovenous sinus fistula. Ophthalmic Surg 1993; 24:856-857.
Wolter JR. Arteriovenous fistula involving the eye region. J Pediatr Ophthalmol 1975; 12:22-39.
Wolter JR. Arteriovenous fistula of the eyelid: secondary to a chalazion. J Pediatr Ophthalmol 1977; 14:225-227.
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