Hermit syndrome 5

General: Seen in alcoholic men in t 949f59j heir 60s and 70s living in relative social isolation; secondary to history of sun exposure or chronic irritation; high prevalence in the tropics or developing countries; masquerades as conjunctivitis or orbital cellulitis; develops from carcinoma in situ (see Bowen Disease).

Ocular: Squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva; proptosis; erythema of eyelids; edema of eyelids; conjunctival hyperemia; vitreous hemorrhage; ciliary body hemorrhage; choroidal hemorrhage; paresis of extraocular muscles; ocular pain; orbital cellulitis.

Clinical: Vitamin A deficiency; nutritional disorders; recurrent infections; actinic keratoses.

Gamel JW, et al. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the conjunctiva. Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102:730-734.

Li WW, et al. Intraocular invasion by papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. Am J Ophthalmol 1980; 90:697-701.

Rootman J, et al. Extensive squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva presenting as orbital cellulitis: the hermit syndrome. Can J Ophthalmol 1987; 22:40-44.