Ocular toxoplasmosis (toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis; toxoplasmosis)

General: Parasite infestation caused by Toxoplasma gondii; cell-mediated immunity is believed 919h77j to be the major defense mechanism against Toxoplasma infection; ocular toxoplasmosis occurs in approximately 1% of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); AIDS-related toxoplasma retinochoroiditis may have several atypical clinical manifestations.

Ocular: Keratitis; uveitis; optic atrophy; papillitis; anisocoria; persistent pupillary membrane; focal retinochoroiditis; scleritis; cataract; microphthalmos; myopia; nystagmus; esotropia.

Clinical: Cysts are seen in many organs, including brain and muscle; hydrocephalus; intracerebral calcification; various CNS complaints.

Binkhorst CD. Toxoplasmic infection and toxoplasmosis of the eye. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1970; 10:621-638.

Fraunfelder FT, Roy FH. Current Ocular Therapy, 5th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2000.

Friedman AH. The retinal lesions of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1984; 82:447.

O'Connor GR. Manifestations and management of ocular toxoplasmosis. Bull NY Acad Med 1974; 50: 192-210.

Williams DM, et al. Genetic control of immune resistance to Toxoplasma gondii. Infect Immunol 1978; 19:416.