Retrolental fibroplasia (rlf; retinopathy of prematurity)

General: Bilateral disease seen primarily in premature infants with immature retinal vessel 313h71d s; excessive use of oxygen responsible for the majority of cases, but disease is seen despite oxygen restrictions or even when no oxygen supplementation is used; known factors that correlate with degrees of retinopathy of prematurity are low birth weight, short gestational age, length of time with supplemental oxygen, length of time on a mechanical ventilator; role of excessive light in newborn nurseries also has been proposed.

Ocular: Anterior or posterior synechiae; neovascularization of iris; pallor of optic disk; dragged disk; attenuated vessels; retinal detachment; dilation of veins; retinal folds; retinal hemorrhage; retrolental mass; vascular tortuosity; vasoconstriction of retina; retinal pigmentary changes; vitreous haze; vitreous traction; vitreous hemorrhages; cataract; glaucoma; leukocoria; myopia; shallow anterior chamber; opaque retrolental membrane; ciliary body drawn anteriorly; ciliary process around dilated pupil; absent pupillary reflexes; keratoconus; associated strabismus; amblyopia.

Clinical: Low birth weight; prematurity.

Mosley MJ, et al. Light toxicity and the neonatal eye. Clin Vis Sci

Patz A. Retrolental fibroplasia. In: Ryan SJ Jr, Smith RE, eds. Selected Topics on The Eye in Systemic Disease. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1974:15-43.

Payne JW, Patz A. Fluorescein angiography in retrolental fibroplasia. Int Ophthalmol Clin 1975; 17:121-l35.

Petersen RA, Hunter DG, Mukai S. Retinopathy of prematurity. In: Albert DM. Jakobiec FA, eds. Principles and Practice of Ophthalmology, vol. II. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1994:2799-2812.